Feed heat into cold ice at a steady rate and watch the thermometer. It climbs, then stalls at 0 °C, climbs again, then stalls much longer at 100 °C. Every stall is a phase change paid for in full.
Each dot stands for a group of molecules. During a stall some dots have changed and the rest have not, which is why solid and liquid share the beaker at 0 °C.
Mass of the sample: 50.0 g
| Step | Energy | Share |
|---|
Specific heats used: ice 2.09, liquid water 4.184 and steam 1.84 J/g·°C. Heat of fusion 334 J/g. Heat of vaporization 2,260 J/g.