Slide the model from alternating bonds to one shared ring. The six bonds even out at 139 pm, the stability bonus climbs to 152 kJ/mol, and the ring starts refusing to add.
At the left-hand end of the slider you see the old picture, with long single bonds and short double bonds taking turns. Real benzene sits at the right-hand end.
Six p electrons circle the ring. That fits 4n + 2 with n = 1, which is the test a flat ring must pass to count as aromatic.
Common name: benzene is its own common name.